Systems on Mmoumni

FluentPython - DataModel

Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Every Python object consists of specific methods called magic methods or dunder methods. These methods allow your custom objects to interact with fundamental language constructs like collections, iteration, and operator overloading.

For example: len

The len function is the result of implementing the len magic method.

import collections

Card = collections.namedtuple('Card', ['rank', 'suit'])


class FrenchDeck:
 ranks = [str(n) for n in range(2, 11)] + list('JQKA')
 suits = 'spades diamonds clubs hearts'.split()

 def __init__(self):
 self._cards = [Card(rank, suit) for suit in self.suits
 for rank in self.ranks]

 def __len__(self):
 return len(self._cards)

 def __getitem__(self, position):
 return self._cards[position]


deck = FrenchDeck()

print(len(deck)) ## 52

print(deck[2]) ## Card(rank='4', suit='spades')

Those methods are meant to be called by the Python interpreter, not by the programmer. If you implement the len method, you should call len(my_obj) directly — it will automatically invoke len through the interpreter.

ft_nmap

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

ft_nmap

A small project that re-implements parts of an nmap-style port scanner in C. The goal is educational: to understand how a port scanner works (socket usage, scan strategies, parallelism, parsing IP lists, etc.) and to produce a compact, self-contained scanner executable.

Overview

In this project, I re-coded a part of the nmap port scanner to deepen my understanding of network scanning techniques, socket programming, and low-level networking concepts.

Features

TCP port scanning over a range of ports
Processing multiple IPs from a file
Modular architecture with separate components for scanning, parsing, and network mapping
CLI binary implemented in C

Technologies Used

C - Core implementation language
Socket Programming - Raw sockets and network communication
Make - Build system

Repository

View on GitHub

ft_ping

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

ft_ping

A complete reimplementation of the ping command in C, built to understand how network diagnostics work at a low level. This project dives deep into the ICMP protocol, raw sockets, and the fundamentals of network programming.

Overview

The ping command is a network administration utility used to test the reachability of a host on a network. Reimplementing it from scratch provides invaluable insights into how network protocols operate, how packets are constructed and sent, and how the operating system handles network communication.